Airlines, Price Wars, and Branding

Here are some thoughts on the study of the theorytop of their game then they would have been able
of price wars as they relate to the industries like theto offer those savings prior and not been caught off
Airlines and others. Comments on an article in Harvardguard by Sprints move. Why did they already not
Business Review in March-April edition 2000. Theoffer these lower prices since they could have?
article was called 'How to Win a PRICE WAR'. WrittenWhat these authors and Professors did not mention
by Akshay R. Rao, Mark E. Bergen and Scott Davis.is that the best way to win a price war is simple.
They start out the article, that in the game ofStart the price war, but not until you are 100% at
business, many tactics are used to ward offthe top of your game. If you are at the top you can
competitors. Increasingly PRICE is the weapon ofwin a price war. But be active, not re-active. Be the
choice. It talks about how the quest for marketprice breaker, the ball buster, the Iron fist. Move to
share and market dominance by continually loweringmake the first blow, so deep, so hard, without falter
prices by each side of a price war can drive downand be ready to move, and adapt with the battle.
Industry Profits. Oh Really? But who cares what theTake what is yours because you are at the top of
Industry does anyway. Is it not the consumer thatthe game. Be ready to make unexpected moves at
pays for your dinner and youremployee's kids collegea split second and fire blow after blow. Be ready to
tuition? It sites the 1992 Airline wars Betweenbreak Industry norms, forget the rules, the
American, Northwest and others as an example. Theperception of the Industry, disregard its experts, its
result was record air travel and record losses. Surelyleadership, its foundation. If you want to run at
this example cannot be used in modern context,redline in a race with cars that go all the same speed
because at the time each airline was flying bothand use only part of the track then go ahead. But
McDonald Douglas, Boeing and Lockheed Aircraft.this team and teams like it in various Industries all
With Pratt Whitney and/or GE Engines. Similar in fuelover will beat you.
consumptions, similar ticket distribution system, similarBecause the first thing they teach us at racecar
airport landing fees and similar customer base.driving school is use the whole track. And if you are
Now to really win that war and decrease losses younot in the unlimited class then you are controlled by
would have to become more efficient in reservations,weight, speed, size and timing. If you let others set
cut staff, more efficient in facilities, feeder airlines,your limits then the authors have a point, in all other
scheduling, fuel consumption and in other servicescases they need to stop writing articles. Publish or
related to airline travel you were involved with. TheyPerish? Whatever guys, I guess if you cannot, you
did not, they simply engaged in a price war, to shakecan always teach.
out the weak. Now for the consumer the lowerI love price wars and we have never entered a
prices were great, for the stockholder they weremarket area, digitally or anologely, that we have not
not. But they could have been. The authors site thiswon when implementing a price war.
as damaging the industry. An Industry that takesRule number one when competing for price. START
wartime aviation advances and a few years after toTHE WAR.
allow for the new technology to reach the privateNumber two. BE READY TO ADAPT.
sector with new and efficient aerodynamics andNumber three. BE THE BEST AND MOST EFFICIENT
electronic positioning and fuel allocation devices.BEFORE YOU START.
If the MBA number crunchers would look at the realNumber four. DO NOT FOLLOW ANY INDUSTRY
problems and design a superior system in the airlinesSTANDARDS OR SET ANY LIMITS.
at that time rather than always doing the obviousNumber five. DO NOT HAVE A TIME LIMIT ON THE
and previous chess moves then they might get anWAR. WAR IS HELL ASSUME IT LAST FOREVER.
upper hand. Because necessity is the mother ofNumber six. HAVE SUPPLIERS ON YOUR TEAM.
invention. Price can drive the market and the winnerNumber seven. TELL THE WHOLE WORLD ABOUT
in the most free of Friedman models would be thatYOUR PRICE CUT AND WHY.
company which can innovate and adapt and USNumber eight. RAISE STANDARDS OF QUALITY
MARINE their way to the next level, like is such inAND EASE OF USE FOR CUSTOMERS
the new digital economy. But airplanes only go soSIMULTANEOUSLY.
fast, there is friction, drag, lift, weight and thrust andNumber nine. BUNDLE SERVICES RIGHT BEFORE
that is all you can get right? Wrong. Remember whenYOU START THE WAR.
Chuck Yeager broke the Speed of Sound in the BellNumber ten. RUN THE PRICE WAR IN ALL AREAS
X-1? It was impossible. And the Moon? Never! YouAT ONCE.
see it is those who do not or will not push theNumber eleven. LOWER PRICES BY ONLY 60% OF
envelope and not dare to risk that will lose in theWHAT YOU CAN, SAVING FORTY FOR LATER,
price war. The Industry? Who cares about theWHEN THE REAL WAR BEGINS.
Industry. Re-create it. An Industry is a boundary, soNumber twelve. HAVE CAPACITY RADY TO TAKE
is the atmosphere, the copper cable lines, the onesON NEW CUSTOMER BASES AS COMPETITORS
and zeros that make up computer language.LEAVE THE MARKET.
Industries set standards. Break them. Industry setNumber thirteen. CREATE A MASSIVE DIVERSION
limits, ignore them, Industries make experts. ChallengeRIGHT BEFORE YOU START SO THEY WILL NOT
them. Industries print magazines and give advice, doSEE IT COMING.
not read it. Driving down prices in any IndustryNumber fourteen. GET THE INDUSTRY TO AGREE
makes that Industry and forces the weak to eitherON PRICES AND CUSTOMER SERVICE ISSUES
adapt or exit the market place.BEFORE YOU ATTACK.
Their article is like saying that an Olympic athlete whoNumber fifteen. MAKE THE INDUSTRY DEFEND
works out too hard and sacrifices too much shouldTHEIR POSITIONS AND TRACK RECORDS.
slow down to 5-minute miles in the Marathon and letNumber sixteen. HAVE INSIDER INFORMATION ON
the other runners catch up. Hog wash. Or let theYOUR COMPETITION AND KNOW THEIR NEXT
other basketball team score more points and put inMOVE.
your weakest players so that it makes the gameNumber seventeen. ADVISE YOUR COMPETITORS
look close? Why, Capitalistic markets dictateTHAT THEY ARE BREAKING THE INDUSTRY NORM,
competition and competition dictates compellingEVERYTIME THEY LOWER SERVIC TO COMPETE
reason to excel. I say take that challenge, deliverON PRICE, AND ALERT THE INDUSTRY NEWS.
great quality, lower prices and raised standards. OhNumber eighteen. GO STEATH-SILENT FOR THRE
Sure the Unions want everyone to get paid for asMONTHS PRIOR TO WAR.
little work as possible, too, they do not want a wageNumber nineteen. MOVE SWIFTLY, AND ATTACK IN
war either. But a wage war might improve efficiency.YOUR COMPETITORS MOST PEAK SEASON, RIGHT
Less work for may pay. Who does that help? Is thatAFTER THEIR SLOWEST MONTH.
not a little short sided? All that does is rewardNumber twenty. HAVE BRAND NAME
inefficiency. We are to believe by this article that aRECOGINITION TO CARRY YOU THROUGH.
price war hurts an Industry? Who says the IndustryNumber twenty one through twenty five and the
should be allowed to exist? The consumer or themost important of all. I CANNOT TELL YOU THESE.
Industry?Many business books will tell you, you cannot have
Is Harvard Business School so hard up for articlesprice or quality. BS-Have both, who says it has to be
that it will allow this type of content and flawedone or the other? The Experts, the professors, the
thinking into their reviews? Why should you rewardIndustry Leadership? Who cares what they think.
an Industry and recommend against price wars?Business Industry Leadership will say at the start of
Should we then have price collusion and price fixing?any price war,
That is the other option. A price war weakensYOU GET WHAT YOU PAY FOR! NOBODY CAN
Industries? Or does it keep them in check, and keepAFFORD TO DO IT THAT CHEAP.
them from getting too fat, dumb and happy? StrongYes but are you paying for what you are getting?
survive, free market economies are theoreticallyThat phrase is a simple cop out. And can no one
based on the evolution of business. Just because anthere really not do it? Or are they admitting that
Industry forms Associations and lobbyists and setsthey can not do it and are projecting their inferiority
standards of price and quality, does not mean itonto your company, like personifying an inanimate
should be allowed to garnish higher prices fromobject. Nobody can keep up that Marathon pace.
consumers and not have market pressures ofGood keep thinking that. If you have inside
competition, especially the major market pressure ofinformation that this is occurring you are winning and
price, which will always be the great equalizer in theshould lower it again, because they will surely never
current system all businesses in the US operatecatch up for lost ground or lost market share and
under.you have the synergy and the power of presence
One quote in the article is hysterical:on your side. This is how markets are won. A denial,
PRICE WARS CAN CREATE ECONOMICALLYand a sure sign that you have competition, who not
DEVASTATING AND PSYCOLOGICALLYonly does not understand your Industry, but also
DEBILITATING SITUATIONS THAT TAKE ANcannot allow themselves to adapt. Pray for this
EXTRAORDINARY TOLL ON AN INDIVIDUAL, Ascenario to take place, it is typical and means you are
COMPANY, AND INDUSTRY PROFITABILITY.doing it right.
Lots of big words guys, but this reader does not buyTake a company for instance, which has Great
it. First off nobody said life was suppose to be stressprices, great service, great customer base, great
free in personal life, business or otherwise. When youimage, on the leading edge of all aspects and more
are born, during birth your body is under more stressefficient than the nearest competitors. A company
moving through the birth canal than at any otherlike Dell. So when they wage a price war on the
time in your life. So forget about this easy ride thing.competitors in our markets, who wins? The
The strong survive. No athlete can expect to stay onconsumer number one. And Dell because the
top without hours of training, commitment, sacrificecompetition cannot participate in our price war.
and training. Nor should they be allowed to. BecauseOverhead too high, and they refuse to break
world records are not won without competition andIndustry ranks. All the while the consumers
pushing of the envelope. Likewise no business shouldoverwhelmingly choose Dell, not Gateway or
be allowed to operate at anything less than optimumHP-Compaq. Why. For all the same reasons above.
efficiency. If they do they are lazy and they shouldThere are Lots of great examples of case studies in
be challenged, this helps the dynamics associated withthe article, all out of context and few touch on any
a free economy.depth to prove any points, except that the authors
The airline example does not take into considerationare well read. I would challenge any of these authors
some of the strides made by some of the thento put money on any company any company in the
competing airlines. Continental Airlines instituted a fuelPC business industry. PRICE WAR is the weapon of
savings program to Pilots who were given achoice, it is the same as picking up the pace in a
percentage of Lbs saved in fuel as a bonus. ByMarathon. If you are the better runner you leave
cutting off the direct paths from station to stationeveryone else in the dust, if you are not the best
(VOR) they were able to save fuel and time in flight,runner, it is your fault for not preparing or training
thus able to lower cruising speeds, less drag on thetough enough in the life you lived for the decades
hyperbolic curve and save millions each day in fuel.leading up to that event. Be the best and start the
This came out of the price wars. Many other similarwar, raise the bar, raise the standards, pick up the
efficiencies also came out of those price wars.pace and lower the prices, then be prepared to finish
The authors then site the long distance charges wara marathon.
started by Sprint on weekends at 5 cents per minuteYou know what, the crowd will love you even more
and then matched by MCI and AT&T. Good forthan the consumers. Just Ask: AVIS, Ford, Microsoft,
consumers and now we may see in a few years noBlock Buster, E-trade, Amazon.com, JB HUNT,
long distance charges in Continental US. This hurtSWIFT, GE, AT&T, Taco Bell, South West
Industry profits. Yes, but so what. Consumers got aAirlines, anyway you get the point.
better deal, and if the phones companies were at the