World War II Names Still In Our Vocabulary -Part One - The Lenin Mausoleum

Almost seventy years have elapsed since thebut was arrested and exiled to Siberia in 1895. In
beginning of World War II. This was the bloodiest1900 he went to Europe, and in 1903 he led the
conflict our global world has ever endured. AlmostBolsheviks in the split of the Russian
every country throughout the world lost millions uponSocial-Democratic Workers' party. When revolution
millions of its population. There has never been a warbroke out in Russia in 1917, he led the Bolsheviks to
fought on such a massive scale as the Second Worldcontrol the government. Lenin had complete political
War. It is doubtful if such a war will ever be foughtcontrol over the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
again. If it ever happens, it will mean the total(U.S.S.R.) until his death, and is remembered as the
destruction of our world.man who put Marx's ideas to practical use.
The Lenin Mausoleum is the first of a series ofFor decades after his death, Lenin's well-preserved
articles that document some of the names, places,body has been put on public display in a special
catch words, and other items that are now lodgedmausoleum in Red Square. It was named The Tomb
permanently in our vocabulary, History was madeof Lenin.
some 68 years ago. We dare not forget.Stretching along one side of the Kremlin walls, Red
The Lenin MausoleumSquare has become a part of its overall architectural
Lenin's preserved body is on permanent display atensemble, with seven Kremlin towers standing along
the Lenin Mausoleum in Moscow. Because of Lenin'sits western side. The Lenin Mausoleum is at the
unique role in the creation of the first communistcompositional center of Red Square. Its architect
state, and despite his expressed wish shortly beforeemployed a simple and expressive design in the form
his death that no memorials be created for him, hisof a monumental edifice, faced in dark red granite
character was elevated over time to the point ofand black labradorite.
near religious reverence. By the 1980s, every majorEvery hour on the hour to the peal of the Kremlin
city in the Soviet Union had a statue of Lenin in itschimes the guards are changed at the entrance to
central square. There was either a Lenin street or athe Mausoleum. It is a solemn ceremony that is
Lenin Square near the city center. Often 20 or morecomparable to the changing of the guard in the
smaller statues and busts populated its territory.Tomb of the Unknowns in Arlington National
Collective farms, medals, hybrids of wheat, and evenCemetery.
an asteroid were named after Lenin. Children wereDuring national festivities the Mausoleum becomes a
taught stories about "granddad Lenin" while theyfocal point of military parades. On both sides of the
were still in nursery school.Mausoleum there are stands of light-grey granite for
The almost religious fervor that surrounded thethe guests. Behind the Mausoleum along the Kremlin
existence of the Tomb of Lenin is comparable to thewall the revolutionary necropolis is located. Here lie
religious significance of the Tomb of Mary. Orthodoxburied figures of the Communist Party of the Soviet
and Franciscan monks watch over her tomb daily.Union and the former Soviet State.
Mary, the mother of Jesus, was buried in the KidronWe cannot overlook the significance the Lenin
Valley. According to writings, the Church of theMausoleum has played in the growth and rise of
Assumption was erected upon the tomb thatworld communism. The communist regimes that
received the mortal remains of the Blessed Virgin.followed the death of Lenin have propagated this
From this tomb she was taken into heaven. Theinto a shrine. Because of world communism in the
death and assumption of Mary into heaven is1930s and early 1940, the origin of nazism in
described in the apocryphal writing "The transition ofGermany and other countries took root. Here indeed
the Virgin" or "Dormition" of Mary.began a chain of events which led to the start of
Although the Tomb of Mary contains many of theWorld War II.
most sacred religious artifacts of Christianity, theSince the fall of the Soviet Union, the level of
tomb is unoccupied. Because of the multitudes ofreverence for Lenin in post-Soviet republics has gone
annual pilgrims to this site, the Israeli Defense Forcedown considerably. However, generations who grew
provides protection to the thousands of visitors toup during the Soviet period still consider Lenin an
the Tomb of Mary that visit the Holy Land each year.important figure. Most statues of Lenin have been
Just as the Tomb of Mary bore the highesttorn down in Eastern Europe, but many still remain in
significance to Christianity, so did the Tomb of LeninRussia. The city of Leningrad reverted to St
become the highest monument of significance to thePetersburg, which was its original name, The
world of communism. Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov Leninsurrounding Leningrad Oblast still carries his name. The
(April 22, 1870 - January 21, 1924)was a Russiancitizens of Ulyanovsk, Lenin's birthplace, have so far
revolutionary, a communist politician, the main leaderresisted all attempts to revert its name to Simbirsk.
of the October Revolution, the first head of theThe subject of interring Lenin's body has been a
Soviet Union, and the primary theorist of Leninism, arecurring topic for the past several years in Russia.
variant of Marxism Lenin was a driving force behindTo this day, the body of Lenin lies in perpetual state
the Russian Revolution of 1917 and became the firstin the Tomb of Lenin. The elite unit of Russian guards
great dictator of the Soviet Union. After his brotherstill constantly stands watch round the clock. It is a
was executed in 1887 (for plotting to kill the Czar),living icon that despite democratization within the
Lenin gave up studying law and became a full-timeRussian Federation, the spirit of communism has not
revolutionary.gone away.
Lenin studied Karl Marx and formed workers' groups,.