Sambo Russian for Judo

Sambo is an acronym for SAMozashchita Bezworked to forge a new state and military, but even
Oruzhiya or Self-defense without weapons martial artthey understood if they were to win the civil war
developed in the Soviet Union during the early half ofthey needed good close combat training. The
the twentieth century.problem was there was no common martial art
This martial arts form is practiced as a sport and alsothroughout Russia unlike in Japan, where Judo was
as training for combat. Sambo was born out of thepracticed throughout the country.
need for one standard sport combative for theRussia had literally dozens of native martial arts and
military rather then the many diverse regional styles.wrestling styles and had been exposed to many
Rather then being invented, Sambo is really amore from invaders like the Vikings, Tatars and
collection of techniques from many different stylesGenghis Khan's warriors over the centuries. The new
making practitioners of Sambo the original mixedarmy needed one standard close combat system
martial artists.that could be taught to its many new recruits.
In 1918 Russia was going through social and politicalWorking independently Vasili Oschepkov and Victor
change. The government was in turmoil as theSpiridonov developed a new martial arts system that
communists seized power from the Czar, and pulledwould become Sambo. During the war Oschepkov
out of World War I. Civil war soon broke out as thetaught Judo and Karate to the Red Army. He had
many factions opposed to the new communisttrained under Judo's founder Kano and had earned his
regime took up arms.second degree black belt. Spiridonov was a veteran
Among those resisting this new threat was a smallof both the Russo-Japanese war and WWI, and
but hard fighting contingent of American soldiers whoshared what he learned about real world self defense
were the first to be in combat against communisttraining. He saw first hand how the Japanese applied
forces. Sadly history has forgotten these brave menthe martial arts principals of constant attack and
who fought to keep a nation free from repression.always taking ground applied to actual warfare. Both
The communist leader Lenin quickly assembled themen also studied boxing, Greco-Roman wrestling, and
Red Army to oppose the force of the White Armymany other fighting styles. Unfortunately, Vasili
which included every faction opposed to theOschepkov was killed by his Soviet masters because
communists in Russia. The Russian Army had donehe refused to say that the martial art was entirely
poorly in WWI and other conflicts and was outdatedcreated in Russia.
in all areas when compared with its enemies. UnderVery similar to Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) in that Sambo is
Leon Trotsky the new army took shape as weaponsa combination of local style wrestling and Japanese
systems were updated, new troops drafted, andJudo, the military's version of Sambo is only combat
veterans brought back into service.effective because it borrows heavily from proven
The communists made many mistakes as theycombat techniques of the Samurai.